The Times Recorder from Zanesville, Ohio • 13

The Importance Of Korea By GEORGE E. SOKOLSKY The way Korea lies used by a Great Power to churia and the Eastern possession of Korea Japan's, Manchuria and a corridor of conquest. Cairo Communique 1, 1943, by President Chiang ter Churchill. was made "The ers, the people mined that shall become ent." Whereas States and China the taken by 1895, no to Korea. parently, geographically, it could be dominate Japan, ManCoast of China.

It was that gave that country Siberia. Korea is in fact was issued on December Roosevelt, Generalissimo Kai-shek and Prime MinisReference to Korea in the following terms: aforesaid, threes enslavement Great Powof Korea, are deterin due course Korea free and independ- Cairo, the United Great Britain promised return of all territory Japan from China since similar promise was made It was postponed. Apneither Roosevelt nor George E. Rokolsky Churchill was sufficiently familiar with Far Eastern geography to realize that failure to deal with the disposition of Korea nullified their decisions concerning China and Manchuria. In the official declaration of the Yalta Conference, signed February 11, 1945, no mention is made of Korea and the Far East.

So far as the Congress of the United States and the American people were concerned, the subject was not discussed. There were distinct reports from underground sources at the time that Mr. Roosevelt had not told the American people the entire truth. On March 2, 1945, I wrote: "It is inevitable that an anti-Chinese propoganda should have been let loose at the present Americans are being subject to a campaign the object of which is to discredit Chiang Kai-shek the interests of Russian imperialism which is as active in Asia as in Europe." "If Chiang addedi-shek is betrayed by China's allies Then I China will fight as she knows how to fight Americans would be advised to remember that before they listen to the siren song of Yalta." That prognostication has, of course, proved to have been correct by the course of events. Immediately after V-J Day, the Russians marched into Korea to the 38th Parallel as though by agreementand apparently there was an agreement, although that has not been public.

Every clause of it which concerned China was beAt a Yalta, the Cairo Agreement was betrayed. trayed and kept secret. Soviet Russia agreed to enter the war against Japan, conditionally three months "after Germany has surrendered and the Europe has terminated." Although Soviet Russia had maintained a world-wide propaganda that the United States should engage in war on two fronts, the Russians declined a similar undertaking. Except for about six days, Soviet Russia was neutral in the Japanese War. For those six days of war participation, in accordance with, the Yalta Agreement, Russia got: 1.

A recognition of the Mongolian People's Republic, formerly Outer Mongolia and a Chinese fief. This separate state, which is a Soviet province, had heretofore not been recognized as other than Chinese territory; 2. A complete restoration to Russia of rights and territories in China seized by Russia prior to 1904. The agreement uses the term "treacherous attack of Japan" in spite of the fact that Great Britain instigated Japan's war on Russia in 1904 through the Anglo-Japanese Alliance and the United States financed the war and arranged the terms of the treaty at Portsmouth, New Hampshire. 3.

The Kurile Islands, to which the Russians have no historic claim whatsoever and their, possession of which imperils our possession Alaska; 4. Korea down to the 38th Parallel, although nothing about this in the agreement. reference to any this is made in the Potsdam Agreement. But at that time a Proclamation was made to the Japanese people which was signed by Truman, Stalin, Churchill and Chiang a This merely states: "The terms of the Cairo declaration shall be carried out and Japanese sovereignty shall be limited to the islands of Honshu, Hokkaido, Kyushu, Shikoku, and such minor islands as we (Copyright, 1947, King Features Syndicate, Inc.) Ask The TR reader can get the answer to any question of fact by writing the Times Recorder Information Burean. 316.

Eye Washington 2. Please enclose three centa for return postage Q. What is the basis for the beHef that more boys than girls are born during periods of war? W. R. A.

This is shid to be due to the fact that more young people marry in wartime and that, young mothers have more than female babies. Q. What is the average size of the States of the Union and which one most nearly approaches the average size? N. I. M.

A. The average size is 63,057 square miles. Georgia comes closest to this average area. Q. Is the bat the only flying animai? R.

G. T. A. It is the only flying mammal. Birds and insects are animals, and they are the only living animal groups which are characterized by true fight.

There have been flying reptiles, but they are extinct. Flying fish and flying-squirrels are not really fliers, but volphaners. Miniature Government Yearbook Uncle Sam's Almanac 1947 is a Government yearbook in miniature. gives a picture of what the Federal Government accomplished in the year 1946. It tells about the set-up of the United Nations, lists all the members of the 80th Congress, the members of the Cabinet, and the Justices of the Supreme Court--it provides a resume of the Govern- ment's activities in many fields.

It is a reference work you cannot afford to be without. It will answer many of your questions all during the year. Send for your copy now, while there is still time. Only fifteen cents, postpaid. -Use This CouponThe Times Recorder, Information Bureau, 316 Eye N.

Washington 2, D. C. I enclose FIFTEEN CENTS in coin (carefully wrapped in paper) for A copy of Uncle SAM'S ALMANAC 1947. Name Street or Rural Route City State (Mail to Washington, Black Cargo Those Kaiser Loans The difficulties and H. Jones forecast when loaned vast sums to terprises have arisen roads and competing Despite the admitted construction of a to transport soldiers to Europe and the fornian has become a of Uncle Sam because mendous indebtedness construction Finance Two federal agenciesand the department have had to rush to conflict with the Steel Corporation over reduction of freight according to the Kaiser would jeopardize his the government's COAL DISASTERS PHOENIX REPUBLIC AND GAZETTE SYNDICATE embarrassments which Jesse the Roosevelt administration Henry J.

Kaiser's wartime ento plague Washington, the railinterests in the far west. contribution he made to "bridge of ships" and supplies Orient, the Callvirtual ward of his treto the ReCorporation. -the R.F.C. of justicehis aid in a United States a proposed rates which, contention, interests and investment. Ray Tucker Ray Tucker When he headed R.F.C., Mr.

Jones frequently complained that the huge advances to the shipbuilder would make him a junior partner of Uncle Sam. The controversy has aroused tremendous interest and concern beyond the Rockies, for it involves the west's vision of building a great industrial emon the steel, power, airplane and maritime facilities which were erected from the Canadian to the Mexican boundaries during the conflict. It has also precipitated charges that the old-line corporations, with the cooperation of railroads, banks and affiliated institutions, aim the squeeze" on the group of industrialists-Kaiser, Higgins, Reynolds, whose performances were publicized gradiosely by the family and The present controversy arose when U. S. Steel so arranged to buy the Consolidated Steel Corporation of Los Angeles for fabrication of structural and plate steel manufactured at its plant at Geneva, Utah.

ducts into for the coastal market, the Without facilities, for, transforming its raw proGeneva property would be a plant "all dressed up but, S. with Steel, no in place its to March go." 26 report to stockholders, explains that it paid hard cash to the government for the Geneva mill "because of the growing importance of the far west and its own faith in the continued industrial development of that area." The Los Angeles firm, it adds, was necessary to "secure a direct and essential outlet over the years" for Geneva steel. Although S. Steel maintains that "there is no competition of substance" between the two corporations, Attorney General Tom Clark has filed a suit against the transaction on the ground that it would violate the Sherman anti-trust act. That was the -By Ray Tucker government's first rescue move on behalf of competitors, including Mr.

Kaiser. was The second, act in four this postwar, railroads industrial granted drama U. S. Steel reduced rates to the coast for the products of its Geneva plant. Mr.

Kaisers immediately protested that his rival would $1,200,000 annually in profits because of this alleged favoritism. He demanded a proportionate lowering of transportation charges for steel manufactured at his factory at Fontana, California, in which the government has a heavy investment. The R.F.C. loaned him a total of $123,305,000 to build this plant and convert it to peacetime use. Although terms have once been revised in his favor, and he now seeks another alteration, he has paid only $18,000,000 on the principal and $9,300,000 in interest.

Mr. Kaiser maintains that he built the Fontana property at the request of the government when the cost of labor and materials was excessively high. So, he believes that he should be given better arrangements for repayment by the R.F.C., and fairer treatment by the railroads, who have not extended to him the privileges they have given U. S. Steel.

The scene of the battle shifted when Benjamin F. Fairless, head of "Big Steel," replied that the $1,200,000 in railroad savings would be passed along to west coast customers, and not pocketed by his corporation. Then Mr. Kaiser challenged the proposed reduction in transportation costs before the Interstate Commerce Commission. The I.C.C.

ordered a postponement of the effective date of the new schedules, which were to have been imposed on March 1. After several days of oral hearings a few ago, the federal agency lifted the suspension, S. Steel began to enjoy weeks, the new rates on March 31. The grant is only temporary, for the I.C.C. will hold formal hearings within a few weeks.

The R.F.C. mobilized a battery of lawyers, acand railroad experts for the I.C.C.'s precountants, inquiry. In this second rescue act, spokesmen for this agency pointed out that the taxpayers might lose millions of dollars unless Mr. Kaiser were enabled to pay off Uncle Sam's mortgage. The R.F.C.-ers, of course, did not overemphasize their peculiar interest in the Kaiser problem.

They contended that U. S. Steel's preferential treatment would damage other competing steel firms in the west. Incidentally, the protestants had powerful company for their attitude, including Bethlehem, Republic, Jones Laughlin, Colorado Fuel Iron, etc. Nevertheless, the principal protagonists--and the same situation may arise in other cases because of federal investments in vast properties--were the United States government and United States Steel.

The Two Swedes -By Earl Wilson NEW YORK-New were two Swedes, Greta and My! weren't they Greta Garbo, whom volving door (not the gone around in circles), famous French singer ciety Uptown the other for daughter, "I body, said, book. Miss hand, Nightly 7th Av. "Joan mansion Sherb's manicurist York's finding that once there Garbo and Ingrid Bergman, different? I once interviewed in a reONLY time, either, that I have was courteously asked by Lucienne Boyer at Cafe Sonight to autograph a book Miss Boyer's five-year-old Jacqueline. never autographs to anyincluding children," Gee-Gee handing back the proffered Bergman, on the other has astonishing popularity. about 8 she walks down to the Alvin for her show, of Lorraine." From my little I can see across to Harry barber shop where Sherb, Litta Rich and barber Frank Garzanita rush to put the peek on Bergman.

They just want to cop a look at a woman they like. Ingrid has many idol-worshiping fans and finally has solved the mystery of one whom I'll call Mr. X. He impersonated only the best people when he phoned, asking to talk to her. He was Alfred Hitchcock.

John Jacob Astor or Cornelius Vanderbilt. Always Joe Steele, Miss Bergman's representative, got the calls first, and knew they were phony. One day he said, "You so-and-so! I'm calling the police!" "How dare you talk like that to the president of Columbia University!" screamed Mr. X. His voice seemed mature, cultured and thirtyish.

"You'll be glad to know, Mr. said one day over the phone to Steele, "that I'm going to California for a couple of weeks." "Couldn't you make it longer?" Steele said. "No? Well, have a bad time." After two weeks Mr. called again, said he'd been to see a psychiatrist in Los Angeles, was cured, and forthwith sent Steele a letter and a present (a pigskin wallet). By Navajo Indian tribal permitted to speak to her Under paleface practice wish there was a -New "He wasn't 30-he's 19 or 20," Steele just told me.

Orphaned, reared by grandparents, he'd found no outlet for affection. The psychiatrist noted that pictures of the boy's mother showed Swedish woman, somewhat resembling Miss Bergman. He'd substituted Miss Bergman for his in his thoughts. "Isn't there a punch line?" I asked Steele. "What about his mature, cultured voice.

How did he get that being a poor boy?" "Poor!" shouted Steele. "Who said poor? All orphans aren't poor. This boy is rich. His grandfather got him tutors, kept him away from riffraff, in fact 'away from everybody. I lunched with him and he was very expensively, dressed -and lonely.

"The that this boy very, annoyed Miss Bergman so much has her sympathy--and she's glad he's going to get well." Jimmy Edmundson, who appears before President Truman for the 4th time, recently said, "The President is like a new Studebaker. He don't whether he's comin' or goin'." Truman laughed at that. He also liked: "In Mexico a guy that throws the bull is a matador. In Washington he's a Senator. There's one from my home state, Florida, and while I won't tell you his name, it ain't salt." GLAMMER: Mrs.

James Mason's costumes arrived less than 10 minutes before she was to go on stage in It looked like she would have to make her Broadway debut in a kimono. TODAY'S SMILE: Lee Sullivan of "Brigadoon" drove his wife to Newark Airport. She flew to Boston. He struggled back through rush-hour, traffic to his L. I.

home where he found a wire from her: "Arrived in Boston safely." WISH I'D SAID THAT: Irving Hoffman, writing about King David and Bathsheba starting a family in "Bathsheba, said: "Then they begin the begat." TOWN: Brooklyn's own Indian tribe, which lives around Bergen, and Dean Streets, working in iron and steel jobs, will put on war paint to dance at Duffy Square a stunt for the "Last of the Mohicans" picture. The Linguaphone institute announced a list of United States cities having "most perfect speech." Broadly speaking, Boston was left Gazette, Little Rock. VALLE COTTER, The Times Recorder JOE RATHBUN, City News Editor or Editor W. O. LITTICK, Publisher, 1908-1941 law a woman is never son-in-law or he to her.

they speak- and sometimes York World-Telegram. A Republican Newspaper NATIONAL ADVERTISING John W. Cullen Published Every Weekday Morning by Company. New York City, Chicago, Cleveland THE ZANESVILLE PUBLISHING COMPANY 34 South Fourth Street. Phone 6700 and Cincinnati.

Subscription rates by carrier, week, 25c; by mail in Ohio, 7 weeks $1.00, 24 weeks $3.00, one year $6.00. Outside Ohio-1 month 6 months Entered at Zanesville Postoffice as second class 1 year $9.00, mail matter. American School Is Adventure By JANE EADS WASHINGTON Mrs. Mildred Smoot, soft-voiced principal of the Indian Head elementary school nearby Maryland, has enrolled seven children of German scientists. None of the children speaks English.

Neither does any of the teachers speak German, but the children are happy and rosy-cheeked and are adjusting themselves very well. Smoot disapproves of the children's being publicized. are different from the other children in the school anyway, and that makes it hard enough for she told me. "They are bright children, and we don't have a bit of trouble with them," she said, adding: "Our procedure is to make everything as democratic as possible in the way we try to help them." The youngsters' fathers were brought to this country by the navy to install and teach the operation of German machines at the Indian Head Naval Powder Factory. About seven families reside at the government hotel.

In addition to a few pre-school children and the boys and girls the elementary school, there is boy, Ralph Peucher, 15, the only one old enough for Lackey high school. Ralph is also the only one of the lot who speaks English. He speaks it without an accent and is a big help to the others. One the mothers also speaks English. 'The children do very well with the sign language so far," says Mrs.

Smoot. She agrees with Ralph that the chief difference noticed by the children between the school Indian Head and the schools Germany is that "discipline is less rigid." "We work on self control, rather than control from the outside," she explained. "You can see that the German children are used to a more formal. kind schooling walking in lines in the hall for instance. Our children, though orderly and quiet, go as they please.

That hard for the newcomers to Some of the German children, she said, are beginning to think "anything goes" and there have been few minor instances where the control necessarily had to come from the outside? Mrs. Smoot said it has been difficult to measure the children's achievements, but she thinks she's. got them as nearly as possible the right classes. They are learning English more rapidly than she thought they would. The teachers in the school say that slang seems to be easiest, however.

"One thing," says Mrs. Smoot, "we are having no trouble convincing them America is a pretty wonderful place. They are already aware of its advantages." The Good Old Days THIRTY YEARS AGO The supreme court today ruled that cities may adopt home rule charters providing full suffrage for women in municipal affairs and permitting them to hold municipal office. Wheat topped the two dollar mark when the Chicago Board of Trade resumed business today after a day's holi- day. TWENTY YEARS AGO Zanesville Publishing company plays host to more than 100 publishers of Ohio daily newspapers, during quarterly conference, held in Ohio this city.

Public Service company was advertising an excursion rate of $1.25 for a round trip to Buckeye Lake. Interurban cars leaving every hour on the hour. TEN YEARS AGO Approval of Paul Aiken, East pike, to serve as county sanitation officer was received by the county board of health today. Zanesville's first flower hibit opened in the Art sponsored by the three garden clubs of the city with the co-operation of the local florists. Bible Thought You and I would be furiously angry at one who denied knowing us.

A kindly sorrowful look broke Peter's heart and made a man of -Luke 22:61: And the Lord turned and looked upon Peter. LAWRENCE Says: Editorials F. C. Kirkendall One of the venerable stalwarts in the field of education has been lost in the passing of Fred C. Kirkendall, at the age of 76.

Mr. Kirkendall, a native of Vinton county, taught school in Colorado following his graduation from Ohio university, later returning to Ohio where he served as principal of Piqua high school and superintendent of schools at Chillicothe, Greenville and Zanesville. During his service here he became involved in a controversy concerning the sending the Z. H. S.

basketball team to the national tournament at Chicago. Convinced that participation in the tourney would be of no value 1 to the school or the team, Mr. Kirkendall opposed the trip and refusing to abandon principle for expediency, resigned his position. Justification for his stand came some time later when the state high school athletic a association passed a regulation forbidding its members to engage in contests of this nature. For the past several years he had been retired, but never lost his interest! in school affairs and his calm, considered judgment and keen discernment were much valued in the profession.

On and off the campus Mr. Kirkendall was gentleman and a scholar, whose personality, intellect and untiring industry made a lasting impress on the hearts and minds of those who 1 knew him. Marines' Last Battle? As army and navy chiefs, having agreed on a merger plan satisfactory to themselves, go before the senate armed services committee to speak with one voice for the bill which would put the merger into effect, an occasional question suggests that complete harmony does not reign behind the scenes. These usually refer to the status of the Marine Corps under the new setup. Having fought their country's battles from the Halls of Montezuma to the shores of Saipan and Iwo Jima, there are fears that the Marines may be making their last stand in the halls of congress.

With the status of the Marine Corps not spelled out in the merger bill, with its "roles and missions" left for future determination by the joint chiefs of staff in which it will not be represented, with rumors circulating that the Marines will 1 be reduced to the status of light units of the Commando type under this plan, it begins to look as though the oldest and proudest branch of the armed services may finally be bottled up. If subordination of the Marine Corps or even its elimination is necessary for the successful merger of the armed forces, we could 1 not consistently oppose it. But so far no testimony has been presented to show that it, is necessary. Nor has any evidence been offered to disprove the generally accepted belief that the Marines, as a unit, are our finest fighting men with the highest esprit de corps of any branch of the armed services. Apparently against the wishes of the administration, which did not offer him as a witness on the merger bill, General Vandegrift is to be called to the stand by members of the senate committee.

If accorded the privilege of speaking his mind freely, he can scotch the rumor that the Marine Corps is being sabotaged by the other services or can call upon proponents of the merger to give the country substantial reasons why Its status should be Post-Gazette. The Communist newspaper, finally got a correspondent ence accredited. Must be the Kremlin and the broke down, or something. the Daily Worker, to the Big Four conferthat the pipeline between Worker's office in New York Some of our teen-age dancers look as if they had stepped into some chewing gum. Portland, Evening Express.

The Office Cat It isn't the hatchets folks bury that stimplates the hardware business. "Now Robert," said the teacher, "can you tell me what human nature is?" "Yes, ma'am," replied Robert, "It's people "fore they get into society." Little Betty sat upon grandpa's knee looking at his snowy hair and long white beard. Suddenly she questioned, "Grandpa, were you on the ark with Noah "Why, of course not, dear," replied the old man, somewhat startled. "Then why weren't you drowned?" demanded the girl. Get to work.

You never see Miss Prosperity holding the hand of a man wearing spats and cane. Grandma was visiting the family, and when little Sally was preparing for bed that night mother cautioned her, "Now "don't forget to include grandma in your prayers, dear, and ask God to bless her and let her live to be very, very old." "Hm, I think she's old enough," objected Sally. "I think it would be better to pray God to make her young." First Noble: "My wife worships me." Second Noble: "How do you know?" First Noble: "Well, she places burnt offerings before me every day." A local flapper went back to the riding stable the other morning and asked them to exchange her saddle horse. She said the one they gave her was too hard." Lizzie--Does a giraffe get a sore throat if it gets its feet wet? Izzie-Yes, but not till the next week. The fellows who Insist on paying their debts of honor as a rule let them go to the last.

Believelt or Not! by RIPLEY NICH CUBE OF CARBON HAS A SURFACE OF 12 ACRES TENMILE 3 SIGN 4 MILES FROM TENMILE, MO. AN ELM TREE WAS ELECTED A MEMBER OF THE COMMUNI. PARTY Russia THE DIMINISHING NAME CONSTANT ABOUCHER Rennes, France CHANGED HIS NAME 7 TIMES BY DROPPING ONE LETTER IN EACH NAME EVERY 10 YEARS! 1847-1667- CONSTANT ABOUCHER 1877- ONSTANT BOUCHER NSTANT OUCHER, 1897- STANT UCHER 1907- TANT CHER ANT HER NT ER 1937- HE DIED IN 1937 All Items Self-Explanatory, TOMORROW: Dead Jockey Won a Steeplechase Race. Making Mockery Of Law in By DAVID WASHINGTON, Lewis has made law and made look very foolish. The Smith-Connally there can be while mines are in government possession.

To lect the word memorial which customarily means a day of mourning, and order a whole week's work: stoppage laugh at the law and the government at the same time. Mr. Truman LAWRENCE April 2-John a mockery of the President Truman law says no work-stoppages David Lawrence never did prosecute Lewis or the district mine leaders for violating the Smith-Connally law, even though the language of the supreme court opinions, both majority and minority, indicate that such a violation did occur. The supreme court ordered Lewis to purge himself and his union of contempt or the full fine of 500,000 would have to be paid. Lewis withdrew his original order to strike and then turned around and stretched the word "memorial" to mean a stoppage of a week, thereby cutting off the income of the and, in miners effect, and the confiscating mine operatory, estimated many millions of lar's.

Truman Position The Truman administration maintained, in asking for the recent injunction, that the union's contract with the government could not be breached by one side. The clause about the is open to differing interpretations, just as is the termination clause. The custom is for one party to consult the other with respect to any such serious deviation as is involved in a whole week's workstoppage. Obviously the miners' union chief did not consult the government but went ahead and interpreted the word "memorial" to suit himself. This is a unilateral interpretation, and it would seem that the original court injunction applies to any marked departure from custoch.

If Lewis and his union can today decide that a "memorial" can be proclaimed for a week's duration to express sorrow for the 111 victims of the Centralia disaster, there is nothing to prevent the miners' union from proclaiming soon a "memorial" of a month to commemorate the loss of many times that number of lives in mine disasters in the last ten years. The moment the Truman administration or the courts open the door by ignoring violations of the law, that moment abuse can be introduced and the law circumvented by an alleged technicality. Against Law The Smith-Connally law under section six says: "Whenever any plant, mine, or facility is in the possession of' the United States, it shall be unlawful for any person (1) to coerce, instigate, induce, conspire with, or encourage any person, to interfere, by lock-out, strike, slowdown, or other interruption, with the operation of such plant, mine, or facility. There is nothing in the law which speaks of "memorials" and even the acquiescence by the administration in the vague terms of a contract originally made with the private operators cannot be superseded by any unilateral interpretation. It would appear that the calling of a nation-wide work-stoppage for one week as a "memorial" is unprecedented.

It is not the customary length of time for "memorials" in the world. The letter, as the spirit, mining, of the Smith-Connally law is against employing any unusual reason for causing a work-stoppage. The government can prosecute whenever anyone orders work-stoppage of any kind, no matter what the terms of the old contract happened to and especially when the pretext for the stoppage is so Personal Power Apart from the legal aspects of the episode, the developments indicate how far the power of one man over the lives of hundreds of thousands of workers now extends. It shows also what the "closed means. And this closed in particular was imposed Roosevelt adminisshop, tration on the mine owners with the assistance of Wagner Labor Relations act machinery.

(Reproduction Rights Reserved) Earl Wilson Mister Breger By Dave Breger Cope. 1947, King Festures Syndicate, World rights reserved VA Dave 14-3 "Oh, oh! It's that dreadful Mrs. -just pretend we don't see her!".